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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

1.8K
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

1.3K
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
1.3K
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

564
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
564
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

1.1K
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
1.1K
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

689
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
689
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

538
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
538

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy
11:38

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

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Radiotherapy-induced mitral incompetence.

S Nauwelaers1, U Mees, M Hendrikx

  • 1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Campus Virga Jesse, Hasselt, Belgium.

Acta Chirurgica Belgica
|December 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Mediastinal radiation therapy for Hodgkin

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Mediastinal radiation therapy (MRT) is a common treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • Cardiac complications, including valvular disease, can arise years after MRT.
  • Radiotherapy-induced cardiac disease (RICD) is a progressive and often late-onset condition.

Observation:

  • A 48-year-old woman presented with congestive heart failure over 30 years after receiving MRT for Hodgkin's lymphoma at age 15.
  • Cardiac examination revealed fibrotic thickening of the mitral valve.
  • The patient's symptoms were attributed to radiotherapy-induced cardiac disease.

Findings:

  • Successful mitral valve repair with patch augmentation of the anterior leaflet was performed.
  • The case highlights a rare but significant long-term complication of mediastinal radiation.

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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy
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Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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Implications:

  • Long-term cardiac surveillance is crucial for patients with a history of mediastinal radiation therapy.
  • Early detection and intervention can improve outcomes for radiotherapy-induced cardiac disease.
  • Further research into the mechanisms and management of RICD is warranted.