Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus

As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.

Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...

Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus

Transport Across the Golgi

Transport Across the Golgi

While it is unclear how molecules move between adjacent Golgi cisternae, it is apparent that the molecules move from cis- cisterna, the entry face, to the trans- cisterna, the exit face. Experiments initially suggested vesicles that bud from one cisterna and fuse with the next cisterna to transport proteins between the cisternae. This vesicular transport model describes the Golgi apparatus as a relatively static structure with a unique enzyme composition in each cisterna. Molecules are...

Golgi Matrix Proteins

Golgi Matrix Proteins

Golgi matrix proteins are a group of highly dynamic proteins that maintain the stacked structure of Golgi. These proteins adapt to rapid morphological changes of the Golgi during the cell cycle. During cell division, mild proteolysis removes these connections resulting in Golgi unstacking. In The daughter cells, these proteins help reassemble the unstacked Golgi.
One of the first identified Golgi matrix proteins was GM130, a rod-like protein located in the cis-Golgi. Subsequently, many Golgi...

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Caveolae mechanics in cellular functions and disease.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026

Same author

Diffusing caveolin-1 scaffolds regulate mechanosignalling.

Nature cell biology·2026

Same author

Force patterning drives quasistratification and graded tissue-scale spatial order in auditory epithelia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same author

Spatiotemporal coupling of caveolae mechanosensing and RhoA-GEFs regulates cell polarity and directional migration.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Excitability and traveling waves in renewable active matter.

Physical review. E·2025

Same author

Segregation, finite-time elastic singularities, and coarsening in renewable active matter.

Physical review. E·2025

Same journal

Quantification of cell viability by automated analysis of live cell imaging.

Methods in cell biology·2026

Same journal

Flow cytometry evaluation of cytotoxicity exerted by effector immune cells against tumor cells.

Methods in cell biology·2026

Same journal

Time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of FOOD formation.

Methods in cell biology·2026

Same journal

Screening and identification of protein-protein interaction using proximity labeling.

Methods in cell biology·2026

Same journal

Quantitative high-content profiling of mitochondrial morphology with automated statistical analysis and integrated data visualization.

Methods in cell biology·2026

Same journal

Super-resolution imaging of cell death in Drosophila tissues via expansion and pan-expansion microscopy.

Methods in cell biology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

Published on: August 10, 2017

(Re)modeling the Golgi.

Pierre Sens¹, Madan Rao

¹Laboratoire Gulliver, CNRS-ESPCI, UMR 7083, 75231 Paris, France.

Methods in Cell Biology

|December 4, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter explores nonequilibrium physics to understand Golgi morphogenesis, covering compartment biogenesis, protein transport, and identity maintenance for cellular structures.

Keywords:

Active processes Cisternal maturation Coarse-grained models Fission–fusion Golgi compartments Intracellular transport Nonequilibrium dynamics Organelle biogenesis Vesicular transport

More Related Videos

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Published on: January 22, 2019

4D Microscopy of Yeast

4D Microscopy of Yeast

Published on: April 28, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

Published on: August 10, 2017

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Published on: January 22, 2019

4D Microscopy of Yeast

4D Microscopy of Yeast

Published on: April 28, 2019

Area of Science:

* Non-equilibrium physics applied to cell biology.
* Biophysics of intracellular transport and organelle formation.

Background:

* The Golgi apparatus is crucial for protein modification and sorting.
* Understanding Golgi structure and function is key to cell biology.
* Current models often lack a physical basis for dynamic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

* To review theoretical physics approaches to Golgi morphogenesis.
* To explain de novo compartment biogenesis and protein transport.
* To address the maintenance of chemical identity and compartment morphology.

Main Methods:

* Theoretical modeling based on nonequilibrium physics principles.
* Analysis of dynamic processes in Golgi structure.
* Integration of chemical and physical factors in compartment formation.

Main Results:

* Non-equilibrium physics provides a framework for Golgi biogenesis.
* Models explain how compartments acquire and maintain identity.
* Physical principles govern Golgi morphology and protein transport dynamics.

Conclusions:

* Non-equilibrium physics offers powerful insights into Golgi morphogenesis.
* Theoretical approaches are essential for understanding complex cellular dynamics.
* Further research integrating physics and cell biology is warranted.