A Galeazzi-variant type fracture-dislocation in adults

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Traumatology
• Anatomy

Background:

• Fractures of the radius or ulna with associated radioulnar joint dislocation are uncommon and unstable injuries.
• The Galeazzi fracture-dislocation typically involves the radius with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) disruption; variants are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze a specific pattern of both-bone forearm fractures combined with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dislocation, termed Galeazzi-variant fracture-dislocation.
• To evaluate the treatment and outcomes of this rare injury pattern.

Main Methods:

• A case series of 6 adult patients with closed Galeazzi-variant type fracture-dislocation was retrospectively reviewed.
• Treatment involved open reduction and internal fixation of radius and ulna fractures using a limited contact dynamic compression plate, without specific DRUJ fixation.

Main Results:

• All 6 fractures achieved union within an average of 12 weeks.
• Patients experienced normal wrist and elbow range of motion, including supination and pronation, at 24-week follow-up.
• No instances of re-subluxation or dislocation of the DRUJ were observed post-treatment.

Conclusions:

• The Galeazzi variant, as presented, represents a distinct pattern of adult forearm and wrist injury.
• Stable open reduction and internal fixation of the diaphyseal fractures are crucial.
• Immobilization in a cast for 3-4 weeks is recommended for healing of the disrupted DRUJ.