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Related Concept Videos

Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
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Centrosome Duplication02:25

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The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
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Centrosome Duplication02:25

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Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
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Determining the Plane of Cell Division02:13

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Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function. 
Animal cells
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Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Imaging Centrosomes in Fly Testes
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Centriole biogenesis in multiciliated cells.

Tang K Tang1

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.

Nature Cell Biology
|December 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Centriole amplification in multiciliated cells is poorly understood. New research identifies Deubiquitinating enzyme 1 (Deup1) and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 78 (CCDC78) as crucial factors in this complex process.

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Isolation and Fluorescence Imaging for Single-particle Reconstruction of Chlamydomonas Centrioles
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Centriole duplication is tightly regulated, occurring once per cell cycle in proliferating cells.
  • Multiciliated cells exhibit a unique phenomenon of centriole amplification, forming hundreds of centrioles concurrently.
  • The molecular mechanisms underlying centriole amplification remain largely elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular players involved in centriole amplification in multiciliated cells.
  • To elucidate the roles of Deubiquitinating enzyme 1 (Deup1) and CCDC78 in controlling centriole overproduction.

Main Methods:

  • The studies likely employed techniques such as gene silencing (e.g., siRNA, CRISPR), protein interaction assays, and advanced microscopy.
  • Investigated the expression patterns and localization of Deup1 and CCDC78 during centriole formation.

Main Results:

  • Deubiquitinating enzyme 1 (Deup1) and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 78 (CCDC78) were identified as essential regulators of centriole amplification.
  • These proteins appear to coordinate the simultaneous formation of numerous centrioles required for multiciliogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Deup1 and CCDC78 are key molecular components driving centriole amplification in multiciliated cells.
  • Understanding these mechanisms provides insight into cell differentiation and the development of complex cellular structures.