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Chronic pain in the newborn: toward a definition
Christ-jan van Ganzewinkel1, Kanwaljeet J S Anand, Boris W Kramer
1*Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven ‡Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands †Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
The Clinical Journal of Pain
|December 4, 2013
Summary
Defining chronic pain in newborns remains challenging. This study describes chronic pain in neonates, highlighting its impact on development and hospitalization, though diagnostic criteria were not established.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Pain management
- Pediatric research
Background:
- Chronic pain in newborns is under-researched.
- A clear definition and diagnostic criteria for neonatal chronic pain are lacking.
- Understanding chronic pain is crucial for infant well-being.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the concept of chronic pain in newborns.
- To identify potential causes and diagnostic signs/symptoms.
- To establish consensus on chronic pain in neonates.
Main Methods:
- A 3-round, web-based Delphi survey was conducted.
- An international panel of neonatology and neonatal pain experts (healthcare providers and parents) participated.
- Consensus was reached on 23 statements regarding chronic pain in newborns.
Main Results:
- Participants provided definitions, causes, and diagnostic signs/symptoms of neonatal chronic pain.
- 437 statements were initially generated and refined through multiple rounds of expert மதிப்பீடு.
- Consensus was achieved on 23 statements, contributing to a description of chronic pain in newborns.
Conclusions:
- While etiologic factors were identified, no definitive diagnostic criteria for chronic pain in newborns were established.
- The study provides a description of chronic pain in the newborn population.
- Early identification of chronic pain is vital due to its negative impacts on growth, hospitalization duration, pain perception, and neurodevelopment.
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