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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
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Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

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Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Trojan microparticles for drug delivery.

Nicolas Anton1, Anshuman Jakhmola, Thierry F Vandamme

  • 1Laboratoire de Conception et d'Applications de Molécules Bioactives, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, CNRS 7199, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch, France. vandamme@unistra.fr.

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Summary

This review explores nanotechnology in FDA-regulated products, focusing on how nanocarriers in microparticles improve drug delivery and control drug release kinetics for better pharmaceutical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • * Pharmaceutical science and nanotechnology.
  • * Regulatory science concerning nanomaterials.

Background:

  • * The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates diverse products utilizing nanotechnology and nanomaterials.
  • * Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties distinct from their bulk counterparts.
  • * Nanotechnology enables precise manipulation of matter at the nanoscale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review strategies for producing hybrid micro/nanoparticles for drug delivery.
  • * To discuss methods for optimizing drug release kinetics from nanocarriers.
  • * To highlight the role of nanotechnology in pharmaceutical applications.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of scientific literature on nanotechnology in regulated products.
  • * Analysis of strategies for creating hybrid micro/nanoparticle systems.
  • * Examination of techniques to modulate drug release profiles.

Main Results:

  • * Nanocarriers can be incorporated into microparticles to enhance drug administration (oral, pulmonary, dermal).
  • * These supramolecular structures can effectively modulate the release kinetics of entrapped drugs.
  • * Various production strategies exist for these hybrid particles.

Conclusions:

  • * Nanotechnology offers significant potential for improving drug delivery systems.
  • * Hybrid micro/nanoparticle systems provide a versatile platform for controlled drug release.
  • * Optimization of these systems is crucial for advancing pharmaceutical applications.