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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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Religion, Type A behavior, and health.

J S Levin1, C D Jenkins, R M Rose

  • 1Institute of Gerontology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Journal of Religion and Health
|December 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Religious differences impact how Type A behavior relates to health outcomes in air traffic controllers. While Type A personality doesn't vary by religion, its association with illness and alcohol consumption differs across religious groups.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type A behavior pattern (TABP) is linked to cardiovascular disease.
  • The influence of religious factors on TABP and health outcomes is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how religious differences moderate the association between TABP and various health indicators.
  • To examine the relationship between TABP, health status, and religious variables in air traffic controllers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) to assess Type A behavior.
  • Analyzed associations between JAS scores and health indicators (illness, blood pressure, behavior, distress, alcohol use) stratified by religious attendance, affiliation, and changes in affiliation.
  • Study population comprised air traffic controllers.

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Main Results:

  • Type A behavior did not significantly vary across religious affiliations.
  • TABP was associated with increased illness incidence, particularly within specific religious subgroups.
  • Relationships between TABP and alcohol consumption varied: positive in Protestants/converts, negative in churchgoing Catholics.
  • TABP linked to impulse control issues in churchgoing Protestants and subjective distress in churchgoing Catholics.
  • In individuals with weak or no religious ties, TABP was associated with lower blood pressure.

Conclusions:

  • Religious affiliation and practice significantly moderate the health implications of Type A behavior.
  • The coronary-prone behavior pattern may have differential cardiovascular effects depending on an individual's religious context.
  • Findings suggest protective cardiovascular effects of TABP in irreligious or unchurched individuals.