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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

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Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriales: a systematic and evolutionary framework.

B Slippers¹, E Boissin, A J L Phillips

¹Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.

Studies in Mycology

|December 5, 2013

Summary

The fungal order Botryosphaeriales, commonly found in woody plants, has been reclassified into six families, including four newly proposed ones. This fungal group originated in the Cretaceous period, with significant diversification during the Tertiary period.

Keywords:

Aplosporellaceae Melanopsaceae Phyllostictaceae Planistromellaceae Saccharataceae molecular dating systematics

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Published on: March 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Fungal taxonomy and systematics
Molecular phylogenetics
Evolutionary biology

Background:

The order Botryosphaeriales comprises ecologically diverse fungi, frequently isolated as endophytes or pathogens from woody hosts.
Previous fungal taxonomy relied on dual nomenclature, but sequence-based phylogenetics has significantly influenced current classifications.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the phylogenetic relationships of cultured genera within the Botryosphaeriales using multi-locus DNA sequence data.
To establish a robust taxonomic framework for the order, including the recognition of new families.
To investigate the evolution of morphological traits within the Botryosphaeriaceae and estimate the evolutionary timescale of the order.

Main Methods:

Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data from six genetic loci (SSU, LSU, ITS, EF1, BT, mtSSU).
Phylogeny-trait association analysis to investigate the evolution of morphological characters.
Molecular clock dating using rDNA SSU locus mutation rates to estimate divergence times.

Main Results:

Recognition of six families within the Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae, Phyllostictaceae, Planistromellaceae, and the newly proposed Aplosporellaceae, Melanopsaceae, and Saccharataceae.
Morphological traits like pigmentation and septation showed no significant phylogenetic signal, indicating convergent evolution within the Botryosphaeriaceae.
The order Botryosphaeriales originated in the Cretaceous period (~103 mya), with major diversification occurring in the Tertiary period, coinciding with the radiation of woody Angiosperms.

Conclusions:

The study provides a revised taxonomic framework for the Botryosphaeriales based on molecular data.
The diversification of these fungi is closely linked to the evolutionary history and spread of their woody host plants.
Understanding these evolutionary patterns is crucial for managing fungal diseases in forestry and agriculture.