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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack
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Such stuff as psychoses are made on?

Armando D'Agostino1, Silvio Scarone

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, I-20142 Milan, Italy. armando.dagostino@unimi.it silvio.scarone@unimi.it.

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|December 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Consciousness is key for associations, but a shared brain mechanism, not just memory changes during sleep and wakefulness, may underlie psychosis across diagnoses.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Sue Llewellyn's article posits unconstrained consciousness is vital for meaningful associations.
  • Llewellyn links schizophrenia to dedifferentiation in memory encoding across sleep-wake cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an alternative neurobiological mechanism for psychosis.
  • To challenge the view that memory encoding dedifferentiation solely determines schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of existing theories on consciousness and psychosis.
  • Neurobiological framework development.

Main Results:

  • The proposed mechanism suggests a common neurobiological substrate for psychosis.

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  • This substrate may extend beyond schizophrenia to other diagnostic domains.

    • Conclusions:

    • A shared neurobiological basis for psychosis is proposed.
    • This challenges the specificity of memory encoding dedifferentiation in schizophrenia.