Lead poisoning in infancy--unusual causes in the U.A.E
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Acute lead poisoning in infants was linked to a traditional remedy called "Bint Al Zahab" (Daughter of Gold). This dangerous preparation contained high lead levels, causing severe neurological symptoms in affected infants.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Toxicology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Infants are particularly vulnerable to environmental toxins.
- Traditional or indigenous preparations may pose unrecognized health risks.
Observation:
- Six infants, including neonates, presented with acute lead poisoning.
- Four infants exhibited acute lead encephalopathy.
- Symptoms were linked to the use of 'Bint Al Zahab' for colic and meconium passage.
Findings:
- Chemical analysis revealed 'Bint Al Zahab' contained 82.5% lead.
- The index case showed anemia, punctate basophilia, characteristic X-ray findings, and elevated blood lead levels.
- Computerized axial tomography (CAT) scans indicated early cerebral cortical atrophy, with no cerebral edema observed.
Implications:
- Highlights the critical need for rigorous testing of traditional remedies.
- Emphasizes the importance of public health awareness regarding heavy metal poisoning in infants.
- Underscores the necessity of preventative measures and prompt, appropriate management strategies for lead-exposed infants.
Abstract:
Six infants, three of them neonates, were diagnosed as having acute lead poisoning; four of them had acute encephalopathy. All had been given an indigenous preparation, 'Bint Al Zahab' (Daughter of Gold), for abdominal colic and early passage of meconium after birth. Chemical analysis of this powder revealed a lead content of 82.5%. The index case had anaemia with punctate basophilia, dense metaphysial lines on X-ray and markedly raised blood lead levels, arousing a strong index of suspicion for the early diagnosis of subsequent cases. Computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan in three cases showed signs of early cerebral cortical atrophy. The picture of cerebral oedema was absent in the four cases of acute lead encephalopathy. The importance of prevention and the ideal management is discussed.