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Founder niche constrains evolutionary adaptive radiation.

Régis C E Flohr1, Carsten J Blom, Paul B Rainey

  • 1Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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The founder

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbial evolution

Background:

  • Adaptive radiation drives the evolution of biodiversity by diversifying lineages into various ecological niches.
  • While environmental factors are known to shape adaptive radiation, the role of the founding ancestor's traits, such as evolvability and niche, is less understood.
  • Existing theories predict that the founder's characteristics significantly influence the trajectory of adaptive radiation, but empirical validation is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate the causal link between a founder ancestor's niche and its propensity for adaptive radiation.
  • To disentangle the independent effects of founder evolvability and niche on adaptive radiation dynamics.
  • To investigate how manipulating the founder's adaptive radiation propensity affects its evolvability and niche characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized experimental bacterial populations to study adaptive radiation dynamics.
  • Manipulated the propensity of the founder bacterial population to undergo adaptive radiation.
  • Resolved causal changes in the founder's evolvability and niche following manipulation.

Main Results:

  • Founder evolvability remained unchanged despite manipulation of adaptive radiation propensity.
  • The propensity for adaptive radiation was significantly altered by modifications to the founder's niche position and breadth.
  • Demonstrated that the founder's niche directly constrains the dynamics of adaptive radiation.

Conclusions:

  • Provided direct empirical evidence linking an organism's niche to its propensity for adaptive radiation.
  • Suggests that the evolutionary history of adaptive radiations may be contingent on the specific niche characteristics of their founding ancestors.
  • Highlights the importance of founder effects in shaping macroevolutionary patterns of biodiversity.