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The interferon receptors.

M Rubinstein, P Orchansky

    CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Interferon action involves cell surface receptors, with specific binding sites identified for different interferon types. Research has visualized these interferon-receptor complexes and explored their role in cellular processes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Early research suggested cell surface receptors mediate interferon (IFN) action.
    • The availability of pure IFN enabled the identification of high-affinity binding sites.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the specific cell surface receptors for interferons.
    • To investigate the relationship between receptor binding affinity and biological activity.
    • To explore the role of gangliosides in IFN binding and the structural basis of IFN-receptor interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized pure interferons to identify and characterize binding sites.
    • Employed gel electrophoresis to visualize and partially purify cross-linked IFN-receptor complexes.
    • Investigated the role of gangliosides in IFN binding.

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  • Studied fragments of interferons to map binding domains.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified two distinct receptors: one for interferons-alpha/beta and another for interferon-gamma.
    • Established a correlation between receptor binding affinity and specific biological activity.
    • Visualized and partially purified IFN-receptor complexes.
    • Reported internalization of IFNs post-receptor binding.
    • Investigated gangliosides as potential co-receptors.
    • Described IFN fragments retaining binding capacity, aiding in the elucidation of the binding site.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell surface receptors are crucial for interferon function, with distinct receptors for different IFN subtypes.
    • IFN binding affinity to its receptor correlates with its specific activity.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the structural basis of IFN-receptor interactions and the role of co-factors like gangliosides.