Ectropion and entropion in sub-Saharan Africa: how do we differ?

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Oculoplastics
• Public Health

Background:

• Ectropion and entropion are common eyelid conditions affecting vision and ocular health.
• Etiopathophysiology varies globally, with significant implications for treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the causes and mechanisms of ectropion and entropion in a sub-Saharan African population.
• To compare these findings with existing literature from developed countries.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective audit of 53 patients with ectropion or entropion at a tertiary eye care center in Nigeria.
• Data collected included patient demographics, etiopathology, and diagnosis over a five-year period (2008-2012).

Main Results:

• The majority of cases (90.6%) were ectropion, predominantly cicatricial ectropion (89.6%).
• Trauma, particularly from road traffic accidents, was the leading cause (67.9%) in this cohort.
• No congenital cases were observed, and the most affected age group was 30-39 years.

Conclusions:

• The etiopathophysiology of ectropion and entropion in this sub-Saharan region significantly differs from developed countries.
• Trauma-induced cicatricial ectropion is prevalent, contrasting with age-related causes common elsewhere.
• Findings necessitate tailored surgical planning and skill development for Nigerian oculoplastic surgeons.