Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

9.8K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
9.8K
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

8.4K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
8.4K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

55.6K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
55.6K
C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

48.9K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
48.9K
Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

7.3K
Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
7.3K
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

23.3K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
23.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editorial Expression of Concern: A FADD-dependent innate immune mechanism in mammalian cells.

Nature·2026
Same author

Primate resident memory T cells activate humoral and stromal immunity.

Immunity·2025
Same author

Antigen-presenting cell activation requires intrinsic and extrinsic STING signaling after the phagocytosis of DNA-damaged cells.

Science immunology·2024
Same author

Exogenous non-coding dsDNA-dependent trans-activation of phagocytes augments anti-tumor immunity.

Cell reports. Medicine·2024
Same author

Innate Immune System Regulated by Stimulator of Interferon Genes, a Cytosolic DNA Sensor, Regulates Endothelial Function.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2023
Same author

Evaluation of the immunogenicity and efficacy of an rVSV vaccine against Zika virus infection in macaca nemestrina.

Frontiers in virology (Lausanne, Switzerland)·2023
Same journal

IL-33 scripts cancer immunity.

Trends in immunology·2026
Same journal

Mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling: A metabolic rheostat defining tumor and immune cell fate.

Trends in immunology·2026
Same journal

Cross-priming underlies the efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates and immunotherapy combinations.

Trends in immunology·2026
Same journal

Gut microbiome metabolites meet immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel disease.

Trends in immunology·2026
Same journal

Metabolic regulatory nodes of the inflammasome and inflammatory cell death.

Trends in immunology·2026
Same journal

Parental leave in immunology - 6.

Trends in immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications
08:59

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

Published on: September 27, 2019

12.1K

STING-dependent cytosolic DNA sensing pathways.

Glen N Barber1

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Trends in Immunology
|December 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The STimulator of INterferon Genes (STING) pathway is crucial for immune defense against microbial DNA but can cause inflammatory diseases when chronically activated. Understanding STING activation offers new therapeutic and vaccine development opportunities.

Keywords:
STINGcytosolic DNAinflammationinterferon

More Related Videos

Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo
11:44

Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: September 18, 2014

9.3K
Simultaneous pH Measurement in Endocytic and Cytosolic Compartments in Living Cells using Confocal Microscopy
09:46

Simultaneous pH Measurement in Endocytic and Cytosolic Compartments in Living Cells using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: April 28, 2014

15.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications
08:59

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

Published on: September 27, 2019

12.1K
Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo
11:44

Stimulation of Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: September 18, 2014

9.3K
Simultaneous pH Measurement in Endocytic and Cytosolic Compartments in Living Cells using Confocal Microscopy
09:46

Simultaneous pH Measurement in Endocytic and Cytosolic Compartments in Living Cells using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: April 28, 2014

15.6K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The STimulator of INterferon Genes (STING) protein is a critical component of the innate immune system.
  • STING mediates host defense against cytosolic DNA from microbes, utilizing cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) as activators.
  • Dysregulated STING activation, particularly by self DNA, is implicated in various inflammatory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of STING in innate immunity and inflammatory conditions.
  • To highlight the involvement of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) in STING activation.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the STING pathway for disease treatment and vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on STING signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the interaction between cGAS and STING.
  • Examination of the implications of STING activation in both host defense and autoimmune diseases.

Main Results:

  • STING is essential for recognizing microbial cytosolic DNA and initiating immune responses.
  • Chronic STING activation by self DNA contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.
  • Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a pivotal role in the activation of the STING pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into STING activation mechanisms is necessary for a comprehensive understanding.
  • Targeting the STING pathway presents promising avenues for novel therapeutic strategies against inflammatory diseases.
  • Modulating STING function could enhance vaccine efficacy and development.