Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...

Colors and Magnetism

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Author Correction: A metallic p-wave magnet with commensurate spin helix.

Nature·2025

Same author

A metallic p-wave magnet with commensurate spin helix.

Nature·2025

Same author

Realization of a one-dimensional topological insulator in ultrathin germanene nanoribbons.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Transition from the topological to the chaotic in the nonlinear Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Chiral Skyrmions Interacting with Chiral Flowers.

Nano letters·2023

Same author

Quantum Spin Hall States and Topological Phase Transition in Germanene.

Physical review letters·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

High spin-Chern insulators with magnetic order.

Motohiko Ezawa¹

¹Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, 113-8656, Japan.

Scientific Reports

|December 7, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered high spin-Chern insulators, a new class of topological insulators where the spin-Chern number can reach high values. These materials, found in magnetic honeycomb systems, offer unique properties for future applications.

More Related Videos

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Quantum Mechanics

Background:

Topological insulators are characterized by topological invariants like Chern numbers (C) and spin-Chern numbers (Cspin).
Conventional quantum Hall (QH) systems exhibit limited Cspin values of 0 or ±1/2.
Honeycomb lattice systems are promising platforms for exploring novel topological phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate quantum Hall effects in generic monolayer honeycomb systems.
To identify spin-resolved characteristic patterns and explore the range of spin-Chern numbers.
To introduce and characterize a new class of topological insulators: high spin-Chern insulators.

Main Methods:

Exploration of Hofstadter's butterfly diagrams within lattice theory.
Analysis of fan diagrams derived from low-energy Dirac theory.
Investigation of spin-resolved characteristic patterns in honeycomb systems.

Main Results:

Demonstration that the spin-Chern number can attain arbitrarily high values in specific QH systems.
Identification of these systems as a new type of topological insulator, termed high spin-Chern insulators.
Observation that high spin-Chern insulators are prevalent in systems with magnetic order.

Conclusions:

Honeycomb systems provide unique material platforms for realizing high spin-Chern insulators.
Potential material candidates include ferromagnetic graphene on SiC, transition-metal dichalcogenides, transition-metal oxides, and silicene.
The discovery expands the understanding of topological insulators and their potential applications.