Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026

Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development
Published on: July 13, 2014
Does multiple gestation impact birthweight deficit from smoking?
F A Okah1, A A Oshodi1, Y Liu2
1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics/University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Objective:
To test the hypothesis that the combined birthweight deficit from smoking in twin gestation is significantly greater than previously described for singletons.
Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study of White/Black live-born twins, 32 to 40 weeks of gestation, 1990 to 2005, Kansas City, MO. Data were analyzed by t-test, χ(2), linear and linear regression analyses.
Result:
The cohort comprised 1190 twin pairs, 58% Whites and 55% ≥37 weeks. Smoking rate was 14.5% and similar by race (14.2% White vs 14.8%, P=0.772). The aggregate birthweight of twins of nonsmokers was greater, 5116 g ± 25 g vs 4870 g ± 59 g, P<0.001 (mean±s.d.) and the difference was 264 g (95% confidence interval, 156 to 372 g) after adjusting for other variables in linear regression analyses.
Conclusion:
Smoking-associated growth restriction in twins is quantitatively similar to that of singletons. This finding is suggestive of dissipation or a ceiling effect to the growth-restricting effect of cigarette smoking.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Teratogenicity
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...

