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Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

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Medical imaging, PACS, and imaging informatics: retrospective.

¹Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, IPI Lab, University of Southern California, 734 West Adams Blvd, Suite KER 313, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-7725, USA, berniehkhuang@gmail.com.

Radiological Physics and Technology

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Summary

This review traces the development of Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) and imaging informatics, highlighting key 1960s-70s inventions and 1980s-90s collaborative efforts that established modern medical imaging informatics.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging Informatics
Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS)
Digital Health Technology

Background:

Reviews historical development of PACS and imaging informatics.
Identifies foundational medical imaging inventions from the 1960s-70s that shaped PACS.
Highlights research and training support from US agencies and industry in the 1980s-90s.

Observation:

Innovations at Georgetown University in the 1960s-70s were crucial.
The UCLA PACS Team and collaborators developed key PACS components in the 1980s.
Significant collaborative research occurred between US and Japanese teams.

Findings:

Early work in computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography was vital.
Advancements in computer hardware, software, and networks in the 2000s enabled informatics growth.
A 1990 NATO conference demonstrated PACS feasibility to military healthcare leaders.

Implications:

PACS and imaging informatics are now essential clinical tools.
US military healthcare services provided long-term support following the 1990 conference.
Collaborative efforts significantly advanced the field of medical imaging.