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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

176.6K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

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Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
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Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

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The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
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Applications of NMR diffusion methods with emphasis on ion pairing in inorganic chemistry: a mini-review.

Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC·2016
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γ- and δ-lactams through palladium-catalyzed intramolecular allylic alkylation: enantioselective synthesis, NMR Investigation, and DFT rationalization.

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Updated: May 5, 2026

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord
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NMR diffusion: an update.

Paul S Pregosin1

  • 1Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Straße 10, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland.

Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Crystal Structure Communications
|December 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) diffusion methods are increasingly valuable for chemists. These techniques help estimate molecular size, study aggregation, and analyze interactions like hydrogen bonds and ion pairing.

Keywords:
DOSYNMR diffusionPGSEaggregationhost–guest interactionsmolecular volumes

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) diffusion measurements are gaining traction in chemical research.
  • These methods offer unique insights into molecular behavior in solution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in NMR diffusion techniques.
  • To highlight diverse applications of NMR diffusion in chemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent developments in NMR diffusion methodologies.
  • Application examples demonstrating the utility of these methods.

Main Results:

  • NMR diffusion is effective for estimating molecular volumes.
  • It aids in assessing the degree of aggregation, particularly in salt solutions.
  • Applications include studying host-guest interactions, hydrogen bonds, and ion pairing.

Conclusions:

  • NMR diffusion methods provide powerful tools for molecular characterization.
  • These techniques are versatile and applicable to a wide range of chemical problems.