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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

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The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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Overview
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Characterization of Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells by Imaging Flow Cytometry: A Comparison between Two Monocyte Isolation Protocols
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A Novel Method Linking Antigen Presentation by Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages to CD8(+) T Cell Polyfunctionality.

Kirsty R Short1, Emma J Grant, Marloes Vissers

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.

Frontiers in Immunology
|December 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new Mac-CD8 Polyfunctionality Assay measures how human macrophages present antigens to CD8(+) T cells. Influenza infection impairs this antigen presentation, affecting T cell cytotoxic capacity and adaptive immunity.

Keywords:
CD8+ T cellsantigen presentationinfluenza virusmacrophagespolyfunctionality

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Understanding innate and adaptive immunity interactions is crucial.
  • Investigating how virally infected macrophages influence T cell function requires new assays.
  • Assessing antigen presentation by macrophages to CD8(+) T cells is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel in vitro assay to measure antigen presentation by human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to autologous CD8(+) T cells.
  • To evaluate the impact of viral infection on macrophage-mediated T cell activation.
  • To assess the functional capacity of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells.

Main Methods:

  • Human monocytes were purified and differentiated into MDMs.
  • MDMs were pulsed with antigenic peptides and co-cultured with autologous CD8(+) T cells.
  • CD8(+) T cell polyfunctionality was assessed using multi-color intracellular cytokine staining for IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CD107a.

Main Results:

  • A robust Mac-CD8 Polyfunctionality Assay was established.
  • Influenza infection of MDMs altered their ability to present antigen to CD8(+) T cells.
  • Infected MDMs showed altered effector efficacy in activating CD8(+) T cells with cytotoxic potential.

Conclusions:

  • The Mac-CD8 Polyfunctionality Assay effectively measures macrophage-mediated antigen presentation and T cell responses.
  • Influenza infection can impair the capacity of macrophages to activate cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells.
  • These findings have implications for understanding viral impacts on adaptive immunity at infection sites.