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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

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An effective model for screening obstructive sleep apnea: a large-scale diagnostic study.

Jianyin Zou1, Jian Guan, Hongliang Yi

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

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|December 7, 2013
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Summary

A new screening model effectively identifies obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Chinese adults using age, waist circumference, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, and minimum oxygen saturation (SaO2). This model offers higher accuracy than the ESS alone for OSA diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Diagnostic Tools

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant health concern associated with severe morbidity and mortality.
  • Current OSA diagnostic methods are inconvenient, time-consuming, and not widely accessible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple and efficient screening model for identifying OSA in the adult Chinese population.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and a novel prediction model.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved a test cohort of 2,032 participants and a validation cohort of 784 participants.
  • The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and a new prediction model incorporating age, waist circumference, ESS score, and minimum oxygen saturation (SaO2) were assessed.
  • Performance was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Main Results:

  • The ESS alone showed moderate sensitivity (61.65%) and high specificity (82.77%), with optimal cut-off points differing by sex (9 for males, 6 for females).
  • The novel screening model achieved significantly higher sensitivity (89.13%) and specificity (90.34%).
  • The area under the ROC curve for the new model (0.955) was substantially greater than for the ESS alone (0.774), P<0.0001. Findings were consistent in the validation cohort.

Conclusions:

  • A practical screening model utilizing minimum SaO2, age, waist circumference, and ESS score can efficiently detect undiagnosed OSA in high-risk individuals.
  • Sex-specific considerations are important when using the ESS as a standalone screening tool for OSA.