Preference and prey switching in a generalist predator attacking local and invasive alien pests

Area of Science:

• Agro-ecosystems
• Entomology
• Integrated Pest Management

Background:

• Invasive alien pests disrupt agro-ecosystem dynamics.
• Generalist predators can alter local pest populations through indirect interactions.
• Predator prey preference and switching behavior are key factors in these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the prey preference of Macrolophus pygmaeus when offered Bemisia tabaci and Tuta absoluta simultaneously.
• To determine the conditions, such as prey abundance and development stage, that influence predator prey switching.
• To provide insights for managing co-occurring pests in tomato crops.

Main Methods:

• Laboratory experiments assessing Macrolophus pygmaeus predation on Bemisia tabaci and Tuta absoluta.
• Testing various ratios of local vs. alien prey to measure predator switching.
• Analyzing the effect of prey abundance and development stage on predation patterns.

Main Results:

• Macrolophus pygmaeus predation activity was influenced by the presence of Tuta absoluta.
• Predator preference was similar for Tuta absoluta eggs and Bemisia tabaci nymphs, but Tuta absoluta larvae were less attacked.
• Prey switching was strongly dependent on relative prey abundance, with a disproportionate preference for the most abundant prey.

Conclusions:

• Macrolophus pygmaeus exhibits prey switching behavior influenced by prey availability.
• Understanding predator preference and switching is crucial for effective Integrated Pest Management strategies.
• Findings support optimal simultaneous management of Bemisia tabaci and Tuta absoluta in tomato cultivation.