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Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps01:15

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To wash hands properly, follow these steps:
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Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps01:19

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The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury.  The nails must be short and clean, without nail...
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Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment01:18

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Handwashing is hand hygiene with plain or antimicrobial soap and water to physically remove dirt, organic material, and microorganisms. However, it may not kill all microorganisms. The handwashing procedure requires a hand wash basin, liquid soap, paper towels, a domestic waste bin, and disposable nail cleaner as optional equipment.
Hand wash basins in clinical areas should have faucets that can be turned on and off without using the hands; that is, they should be non-touch or lever-operated....
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Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning01:22

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Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

A Method to Test the Efficacy of Handwashing for the Removal of Emerging Infectious Pathogens
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A Method to Test the Efficacy of Handwashing for the Removal of Emerging Infectious Pathogens

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Hand hygiene--when and how should it be done?

Claire Kilpatrick1, Linda Hosie, Julie Storr

  • 1Royal Berkshire Foundation Trust.

Nursing Times
|December 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Healthcare professionals must master hand hygiene timing and techniques to prevent infections. Effective behavior change requires a multifaceted strategy focusing on the

Area of Science:

  • Infection Prevention and Control
  • Healthcare Worker Education
  • Patient Safety Practices

Background:

  • Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose significant risks to patient safety.
  • Effective hand hygiene is a cornerstone of preventing HAIs.
  • Current practices may not consistently adhere to optimal hand hygiene protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical importance of hand hygiene in healthcare settings.
  • To address the behavioral change necessary for consistent hand hygiene practice.
  • To clarify the essential components of effective hand hygiene: 'when' and 'how'.

Main Methods:

  • This article focuses on a conceptual review and synthesis of best practices.
  • It highlights key educational messages for healthcare professionals.

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  • The approach emphasizes understanding the critical moments and correct techniques for hand hygiene.

    • Main Results:

    • Consistent hand hygiene is a vital patient care practice.
    • Behavioral change requires a comprehensive, multifaceted strategy.
    • Understanding the 'when' (correct timing) and 'how' (proper technique) is crucial for staff.

    Conclusions:

    • Reinforcing the 'when' and 'how' of hand hygiene is essential for improving patient safety.
    • Multifaceted approaches are necessary to embed correct hand hygiene practices.
    • Targeted education on hand hygiene timing and technique can reduce healthcare-associated infections.