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Updated: May 5, 2026

Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice
Published on: May 5, 2022
Markers of acidosis and stress in a sprint versus a conducted electrical weapon
Jeffrey D Ho1, Donald M Dawes, Paul C Nystrom
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Meeker County Sheriff's Office, Litchfield, MN, United States.
Abstract:
Both profound acidosis and catecholamine excess have been proposed as underlying physiologic derangements in subjects at high risk for arrest related death (ARD). In this study, the objective was to determine a level of physical exertion that is "equivalent" in terms of levels of acidosis and catecholamines to a "standard" TASER X26 exposure. Data were collected on subjects who underwent a 5-s TASER X26 exposure or a sprint of variable distances during a law enforcement training exercise. Our results show that levels of acidosis and catecholamines are less among subjects exposed to the TASER X26 than among subjects who sprinted 20 yards or more.
Related Concept Videos
Exercise Stress Test
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis
First, the pH level is assessed to determine whether the blood pH is normal (7.35–7.45), low (acidosis), or high (alkalosis).
Next, the PCO2 and...
Electrocardiogram
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...

