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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
Published on: July 3, 2025
Photoreduction of graphene oxide with polyoxometalate clusters and its enhanced saturable absorption
Haolong Li1, Jyotsana Gupta2, Shan Wang3
1Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Abstract:
We investigated the photocatalytic abilities of three Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM) clusters, H3PW12O40 (PW), H4SiW12O40 (SiW), and H3PMo12O40 (PMo) to reduce graphene oxide (GO) under UV-irradiation in water. UV-vis absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed and show that PW and SiW can photoreduce GO effectively, in contrast to PMo. We conclude that the LUMO levels of POMs should be located energetically above the work function of GO to enable electron transfer from POM to GO. We also investigated the saturable absorption of GO and reduced GO by means of z-scan experiments at 532 nm. The POM-assisted photoreduction of GO can greatly enhance the saturable absorber properties of GO, which appears useful for modelocking in ultrafast laser systems.
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