Pain and anxiety during bone marrow biopsy
Betty Tanasale1, Jenne Kits2, Philip M Kluin3
1Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Summary
Bone marrow biopsies cause mild pain and anxiety for most patients. Reducing patient anxiety and ensuring experienced physicians perform the procedure can significantly improve the experience.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Pain Management
- Patient Experience
Background:
- Bone marrow biopsy is often associated with significant pain and anxiety.
- Patient experiences vary widely, necessitating investigation into contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors influencing pain and anxiety during bone marrow biopsies.
- To provide data for improving patient comfort during this procedure.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 202 patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy.
- Data collection included patient demographics, disease characteristics, procedure details, and physician experience.
- Pain and anxiety were quantified using visual analog and verbal rating scales.
Main Results:
- Median pain score was 1.9 (0-10); 21% reported no pain.
- Anxiety score was 1.8 (0-10) and positively correlated with pain.
- Younger age, poor performance status, physician as information source, and prolonged procedures were linked to increased pain.
Conclusions:
- Bone marrow biopsies performed by experienced hematologists typically result in mild pain.
- Anxiety, physician communication, and procedure duration are key factors influencing pain.
- Strategies to reduce anxiety and pain, including systemic analgesics, are recommended.
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