Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Published on: July 27, 2022

P53-participated cellular and molecular responses to irradiation are cell differentiation-determined in murine

Fengchao Wang¹, Jin Cheng², Dengquan Liu¹

¹Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, The Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China.

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

|December 10, 2013

Abstract

Aim:

Cells respond differently to DNA damaging agents, which may related to cell context and differentiation status. The aim of present study was to observe the cellular and molecular responses of cells in different differentiation status to ionizing irradiation (IR).

Methods:

Crypt-villus unit of murine small intestine was adopted as a cell differentiation model. DNA damage responses (DDRs) of crypt and villus were observed 1-24 h after 12 Gy IR using gene expression microarray analysis, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay.

Results:

Microarray analysis revealed that most differentially expressed genes were related to p53 signaling pathway in crypt 4h after IR and in both crypt and villus 24h after IR. In crypt stem cells/progenitor cells, H2AX was phosphorylated and dephosphorylated quickly, Ki67 attenuated, cell apoptosis enhanced, phosphorylated P53 increased and translocated into nuclear with the ability to bind p53-specific sequence. In upper crypt (transit amplifying cells) and crypt-villus junction, cells kept survive and proliferate as indicated by retained Ki67 expression, suppressed p53 activation, and rare apoptosis.

Conclusions:

DDRs varied with cell differentiation status and cell function in small intestinal epithelium. P53 signaling pathway could be an important regulatory mechanism of DDRs.

Keywords:

Apoptosis DNA damage response DNA repair Signaling pathway Small intestine epithelium

More Related Videos

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Published on: June 9, 2020

Author Spotlight: Studying the Epithelial Effects of Intestinal Inflammation In Vitro on Established Murine Colonoids

Author Spotlight: Studying the Epithelial Effects of Intestinal Inflammation In Vitro on Established Murine Colonoids

Published on: June 2, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Abnormal Proliferation

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...

Other Unique Bacteria

Other Unique Bacteria

Magnetic bacteria exhibit a directed movement called magnetotaxis, driven by structures called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes consist of chains of magnetic particles made of either magnetite (Fe₃O₄) or greigite (Fe₃S₄) and are organized in a linear conformation by a protein scaffold within invaginations of the cell membrane. The bacteria align along the north–south magnetic field lines, much like a compass needle. They are typically microaerophilic or anaerobic...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Heterogeneity in secondary follicle development buffers the lifespan of activated oocytes to optimize female fertility in mice.

Nature aging·2026

KAT5/TIP60 orchestrates H4K16 and H2A.Z acetylation to drive the gonocyte-to-spermatogonia transition.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

An integrated FIDI-MS and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS strategy for rapid functional screening and chemical characterization of antioxidants in Polygonum multiflorum.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences·2026

MATR3 is essential for oocyte growth and maturation quality through a dual molecular mechanism.

eLife·2026

Machine learning-assisted nitrogen-doped carbon dots for Fe3+ detection in aqueous environments.

Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications·2026

Roles of SfHSP70-7 in Thermal Tolerance, Insecticide Adaptability, and Reproductive Performance Under Combined Environmental Stress of the Rice Pest Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

Insects·2026

See all related articles