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Related Concept Videos

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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
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Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, "identity versus role confusion," is crucial during adolescence (ages 12 to 18). In this stage, adolescents face the developmental task of forging a distinct personal identity, a process influenced by social, psychological, and biological changes typical of this period. Adolescents naturally explore different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as they navigate complex questions of self-concept, asking, "Who am I?" and "What is my place in...
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Rapid cycling in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders.

The American journal of psychiatry·1990
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Manic-depressive illness in adolescence.

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|December 10, 2013
PubMed
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Lithium carbonate

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Manic-depressive illness, now known as bipolar disorder, presents diagnostic challenges in adolescents.
  • The efficacy of lithium carbonate has prompted a re-examination of adolescent bipolar disorder.
  • Adolescent presentations of bipolar disorder are often complex and confusing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review obstacles in the timely diagnosis of manic-depressive illness in adolescents.
  • To present cases illustrating a unitary concept of manic-depressive illness.
  • To explain diverse adolescent symptoms through a physiologic and constitutional lens.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on diagnostic challenges in adolescent bipolar disorder.
  • Case study analysis of three adolescents with manic-depressive illness.
  • Application of a unitary concept to understand symptom presentation.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic delays are common in adolescents with manic-depressive illness.
  • A unitary concept, viewing the illness as having a physiologic basis, aids understanding.
  • Diverse psychological and behavioral symptoms are secondary to the underlying physiologic process.

Conclusions:

  • Manic-depressive illness in adolescents has a physiologic basis affecting the whole body.
  • Understanding symptoms as secondary phenomena clarifies diagnosis and treatment.
  • A unitary concept improves comprehension of adolescent bipolar disorder presentations.