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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Oogenesis01:22

Oogenesis

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Oogenesis,  the process of developing egg cells (female gametes), occurs within the ovaries and is fundamental to female fertility. This sequence begins during fetal development when diploid oogonia in the developing ovaries undergo mitotic divisions to produce primary oocytes. By birth, these primary oocytes enter prophase I of meiosis but become arrested in this stage, remaining suspended until puberty.
Each primary oocyte is surrounded by a layer of pre-granulosa cells, forming what is...
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Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Ovaries01:26

Ovaries

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The ovaries are roughly the size of almonds and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in length. These paired structures are situated within the pelvic region and are anchored by the mesovarium—a peritoneal extension that also connects them to the wider structure of the broad ligament. The support system extends to the suspensory ligament, housing blood and lymphatic vessels. In addition, the ovarian ligament tethers the ovaries to the uterus.
On the ovarian surface, a layer of...
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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

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The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Quantitation of Intra-peritoneal Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
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Ovarian hydatid disease.

M E Alonso García1, P Suárez Mansilla, P Mora Cepeda

  • 1Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Complejo Asistencial de Palencia, Plaza Santa Brígida, nº1, 4ºC, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, engracialonso@gmail.com.

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
|December 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydatid disease (Echinococcosis) is a rare parasitic infection. This case highlights primary pelvic hydatid disease in a postmenopausal woman, emphasizing its consideration in adnexal masses.

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus larvae, typically affects the liver and lungs.
  • Pelvic hydatid disease is uncommon, often resulting from ruptured liver cysts or as a primary genital lesion.

Observation:

  • A rare case of primary pelvic hydatid disease occurred in a postmenopausal woman.
  • The patient underwent surgery for a suspected ovarian cancer, revealing the unusual pelvic hydatid cyst.

Findings:

  • Pelvic hydatid disease, though rare, must be considered in endemic areas for complex adnexal cystic masses.
  • Diagnosis relies on imaging and serodiagnostic tests, with ongoing research for standardized diagnostic methods.

Implications:

  • Early consideration of pelvic hydatid disease can lead to appropriate treatment strategies.
  • This case underscores the importance of including rare parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of gynecologic masses.