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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy Based on the Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Reaction
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Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy Based on the Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Reaction

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Trial Watch: Anticancer radioimmunotherapy.

Erika Vacchelli1, Ilio Vitale, Eric Tartour

  • 1Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France ; INSERM, U848; Villejuif, France.

Oncoimmunology
|December 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiotherapy

Keywords:
brachytherapyimmunogenic cell deathintensity-modulated radiation therapyradionuclidestereotactic body radiation therapystereotactic radiosurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology and immunology

Background:

  • Radiotherapy's anticancer effects were historically attributed to direct DNA damage.
  • Emerging evidence highlights cancer cell-extrinsic mechanisms, including immune modulation.

Approach:

  • This review examines radiotherapy's role in eliciting anticancer immune responses.
  • It explores combining radiotherapy with immunomodulatory agents.

Key Points:

  • Radiotherapy induces immunogenic cell death and releases damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
  • It normalizes tumor vasculature and mediates bystander effects.
  • Radiotherapy can enhance the efficacy of other cancer treatments and immunotherapies.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy, particularly combined with immunotherapy, shows promise for boosting anti-cancer immunity.
  • Clinical trials are investigating this synergistic approach in cancer patients.