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Ocular dominance, determined by sensory and eye sighting methods, was more frequent in the right eye. This right eye dominance correlated with better low-contrast visual acuity in presbyopic subjects.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Visual Science
  • Optometry

Background:

  • Ocular dominance, the preferential use of one eye, influences visual perception.
  • Understanding ocular dominance is crucial for assessing visual function, especially in conditions like presbyopia.
  • Presbyopia affects near vision due to aging, impacting overall visual performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution of ocular dominance in presbyopic individuals.
  • To compare ocular dominance determined by sensory and eye sighting methods.
  • To explore the relationship between ocular dominance and visual acuity at different contrast levels.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-four presbyopic subjects (mean age 48.5 years) participated.
  • Ocular dominance was assessed using a sensory method (+1.50 D lens induced blur) and an eye sighting method (hole-in-card).
  • Participants were categorized into four dominance types based on the results from both methods.

Main Results:

  • The right eye was the dominant eye in 61.4% (sensory) and 70.5% (sighting) of participants.
  • Type 1 dominance (both eyes right) was most frequent (52.3%).
  • In cases of right eye dominance, the right eye demonstrated significantly better distance low-contrast LogMAR visual acuity (0.04 LogMAR units) compared to the left eye.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular dominance was predominantly observed in the right eye within this presbyopic cohort.
  • The sensory and eye sighting methods for determining ocular dominance showed agreement in over half of the cases.
  • Right eye dominance was associated with superior distance low-contrast visual acuity, highlighting its functional significance.