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Critical appraisal: dental amalgam update--part II: biological effects
Michael J Wahl1, Edward J Swift
1Private practice, 2003 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Summary
This study reviews the biological effects of dental amalgam, a controversial dental restoration material used for over 150 years. It updates previous findings on clinical efficacy by examining potential health impacts.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Toxicology
- Biocompatibility
Background:
- Dental amalgam has been a widely used restorative material for over a century.
- Concerns regarding its safety and biological effects persist.
- Part I of this critical appraisal addressed the clinical efficacy of amalgam restorations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically appraise the biological effects of dental amalgam.
- To provide an updated overview of the scientific literature on amalgam's impact on human health.
- To inform clinical practice and patient decision-making regarding amalgam use.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature.
- Analysis of peer-reviewed studies on amalgam composition and biological interactions.
- Evaluation of toxicological data and clinical case reports.
Main Results:
- Dental amalgam contains mercury, a neurotoxin, raising concerns about potential systemic exposure.
- Research indicates minimal mercury release from amalgam restorations under normal conditions.
- Potential for localized oral tissue reactions and rare allergic responses exists.
Conclusions:
- While generally considered safe for most patients, potential biological effects warrant consideration.
- Continued research is needed to fully elucidate long-term health implications.
- Informed consent discussions should include potential risks and benefits of dental amalgam.
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