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Going the distance: Memory and control processes in active dependency construction.

Matthew W Wagers1, Colin Phillips

  • 1a Department of Linguistics , University of California , Santa Cruz , CA , USA.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|December 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory in language comprehension relies on active maintenance and retrieval. Coarse information is maintained for parsing, while fine details are retrieved later, especially for long dependencies.

Keywords:
MemoryParsingPsycholinguisticsSyntaxUnbounded dependencies

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Filler-gap dependencies in language present significant working memory challenges.
  • Immediate resolution of these dependencies is often not possible during comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if working memory demands for filler-gap dependencies can be divided into active maintenance and retrieval.
  • To examine the timing and nature of information processing at potential gap sites.

Main Methods:

  • Three reading-time studies were conducted.
  • Participants' reading times were measured to infer cognitive processes.

Main Results:

  • The existence of a displaced phrase and its syntactic category immediately influenced comprehension at gap sites.
  • Lexical details of the displaced phrase affected comprehension immediately for short dependencies but later for long dependencies.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory demands are decomposed into active maintenance of coarse-grained information (for parsing) and retrieval of fine-grained information.
  • This distinction explains the differential timing effects observed for syntactic versus lexical information in filler-gap dependencies.