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Host-adaptive antigenic variation in Bunyaviruses.

W S James, D Millican

    The Journal of General Virology
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Bunyamwera virus and snowshoe hare virus adapted to mosquito cells, developing mutants better suited for replication. These adapted viruses showed altered susceptibility to antibody neutralization compared to original strains.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Arbovirology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Bunyamwera virus and snowshoe hare virus belong to the Bunyaviridae family.
    • Understanding virus adaptation to different hosts is crucial for controlling arboviral diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the genetic and phenotypic changes in Bunyamwera virus and snowshoe hare virus after adaptation to mosquito cell cultures.
    • To compare the adapted viruses with their parental strains using immunological methods.

    Main Methods:

    • Passaging Bunyamwera virus and snowshoe hare virus up to six times in mosquito cell cultures.
    • Comparing adapted and input viruses using monoclonal antibodies raised against the input virus.
    • Assessing differential susceptibility to antibody neutralization.

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    Main Results:

    • Mosquito cell-adapted virus populations consisted of mutants with enhanced replication in mosquito cells.
    • Adapted viruses exhibited altered susceptibility to neutralization by specific monoclonal antibodies.
    • Mutations conferring adaptation to mosquito cells were identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Bunyamwera virus and snowshoe hare virus can readily adapt to replication in mosquito cell cultures.
    • This adaptation involves the selection of mutants with altered biological properties.
    • Understanding these adaptive changes is important for predicting and managing arbovirus transmission dynamics.