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    Record-breaking energetic terahertz pulses (T-rays) were generated from laser-driven accelerators. These T-rays, with energies up to 0.7 mJ, show linear yield dependence and originate from the target

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    Area of Science:

    • Plasma Physics
    • Laser-Matter Interaction
    • Terahertz Science

    Background:

    • Laser-produced plasmas serve as compact sources of electromagnetic radiation.
    • Recent research indicates laser-driven ion accelerators can generate energetic broadband terahertz pulses (T-rays).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the generation and characterization of record-breaking energetic terahertz pulses.
    • To investigate the dependence of T-ray yield on laser energy and identify the generation mechanism.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized laser-produced solid density plasmas and compact ion accelerators.
    • Measured terahertz pulse energy and characterized the spectrum from 0.1-133 THz.
    • Analyzed the dependence of T-ray yield on incident laser energy and emission pattern.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved record-breaking terahertz pulse energies of no less than 0.7 mJ.
    • Observed a linear relationship between T-ray yield and incident laser energy, with no saturation.
    • Identified noncollinear emission and high yield, suggesting generation via the transient field at the rear surface of the solid target.

    Conclusions:

    • Laser-driven compact ion accelerators are highly efficient sources of energetic terahertz pulses.
    • The transient field at the rear surface of solid targets is the primary mechanism for high-yield T-ray generation.
    • These findings pave the way for advanced applications of powerful terahertz sources.