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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Author Spotlight: Exploring Photodynamic Therapy with Curcumin in a Murine Model for Oral Candidiasis
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Curcumin: therapeutical potential in ophthalmology.

Nicola Pescosolido1, Rossella Giannotti2, Andrea Maria Plateroti2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Geriatric, and Anesthetic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Planta Medica
|December 11, 2013
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Summary

Curcumin, derived from turmeric, shows promise for treating inflammatory diseases and tumors due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nanoparticle formulations enhance its bioavailability for potential use in ophthalmology.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Curcumin, a principal curcuminoid in turmeric (Curcuma longa), possesses significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties.
  • These properties are attributed to diverse cellular mechanisms, though curcumin's therapeutic application is limited by poor solubility and oral bioavailability.
  • Nanoparticle and liposome delivery systems are being explored to enhance curcumin's bioavailability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the elucidated properties of curcumin.
  • To explore the potential applications of curcumin in ophthalmology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies on curcumin.
  • Analysis of pharmacological data regarding curcumin's toxicity and bioavailability.
  • Examination of studies investigating curcumin's effects on ocular diseases.

Main Results:

  • Curcumin exhibits beneficial effects in various ocular conditions, including uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and dry eye syndrome.
  • Curcumin demonstrates a lack of dose-limiting toxicity, with safety observed up to 8 g/day for three months.
  • Enhanced bioavailability through nanoparticles and liposomes is crucial for exploiting curcumin's biomedical potential.

Conclusions:

  • Curcumin possesses significant therapeutic potential in ophthalmology due to its multifaceted properties and safety profile.
  • Overcoming bioavailability challenges is key to realizing curcumin's full clinical benefits in treating eye diseases.
  • Further research into curcumin-based therapies could lead to novel treatments for a range of ocular conditions.