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Related Experiment Video

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Automation of Bio-Atomic Force Microscope Measurements on Hundreds of C. albicans Cells

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Spaceflight enhances cell aggregation and random budding in Candida albicans.

Aurélie Crabbé¹, Sheila M Nielsen-Preiss, Christine M Woolley

¹Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America.

|December 11, 2013

Summary

Candida albicans grown in space exhibited altered gene expression, including changes in cell aggregation and budding patterns. This fungal pathogen showed increased resistance to stress and antifungal agents in microgravity.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Space Biology
Mycology

Background:

Candida albicans is a major human opportunistic fungal pathogen.
Understanding its behavior in spaceflight is crucial for astronaut health.
Previous studies have not comprehensively analyzed its response to space conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To perform the first global transcriptional profiling of Candida albicans in spaceflight.
To characterize phenotypic changes in Candida albicans under microgravity.
To assess the potential virulence and risks of Candida albicans during human spaceflight.

Main Methods:

Global transcriptional profiling using microarray analysis.
Phenotypic characterization via microscopy and flow cytometry.
Assessment of virulence in a murine intraperitoneal infection model.

Main Results:

Spaceflight culture altered 452 genes (8.3% of ORFs) in Candida albicans.
Observed changes included enhanced cell aggregation, random budding, and altered stress/antifungal resistance.
The transcriptional regulator Cap1 and its regulon were differentially expressed, suggesting a role in the spaceflight response.

Conclusions:

Microgravity induces significant gene expression changes in Candida albicans, potentially leading to virulence-related phenotypes.
No increased virulence was observed in the tested murine model.
This study provides a basis for assessing the risk of commensal flora in spaceflight and may reveal novel infectious disease mechanisms.