Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats
05:12

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats

Published on: February 14, 2022

What is the most appropriate stimulation mode in patients with sinus node dysfunction?

A Markewitz, N Schad, W Hemmer

    Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Closed-Loop Neurostimulation for Biomarker-Driven, Personalized Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder05:19

    Closed-Loop Neurostimulation for Biomarker-Driven, Personalized Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder

    Published on: July 7, 2023

    Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness04:04

    Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness

    Published on: July 11, 2025

    Related Concept Videos

    Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

    Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

    The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase of...
    Conduction System of the Heart01:19

    Conduction System of the Heart

    Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
    The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
    Conduction System of the Heart01:20

    Conduction System of the Heart

    The cardiac conduction system produces and transmits electrical impulses that prompt myocardial contraction, ensuring efficient heart function. This intricate system ensures that the heart beats in a coordinated and efficient manner, beginning with the atria and then the ventricles. The conduction system optimizes cardiac output by maintaining this precise sequence, which is crucial for adequate blood circulation.
    This system relies on the unique properties of nodal and Purkinje cells:...
    ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

    ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

    Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
    Types of Arrhythmias
    Sinus Node Arrhythmias
    Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism, and...
    Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

    Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

    Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
    Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

    Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

    Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...