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The economic burden of hemodialysis in Jordan
Emad Adel Al-Shdaifat1, Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf
1Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Insights
The annual economic burden of hemodialysis treatment in Jordan
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Nephrology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hemodialysis is a resource-intensive treatment with significant financial implications.
- The economic burden affects patients, caregivers, and the healthcare system.
- Understanding these costs is crucial for resource allocation and policy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the total economic burden of hemodialysis treatment.
- To analyze direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs.
- To focus on the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Jordan.
Main Methods:
- Economic evaluation using micro and macro costing.
- Inclusion of patient and caregiver costs for non-medical expenses.
- Human capital approach to assess productivity loss and premature death costs.
Main Results:
- The total annual economic burden was USD 17.70 million.
- Indirect costs (productivity loss) constituted the largest share at 48% ($8.48 million).
- Hemodialysis patients consumed 2.7% of the MOH budget.
Conclusions:
- Hemodialysis treatment imposes substantial costs on the Jordanian healthcare system.
- Strategies to slow renal failure progression are recommended to conserve resources.
- Comparative studies with alternative treatments like peritoneal dialysis and transplantation are warranted.
Background:
Hemodialysis treatment is a costly procedure that requires specific resources. It has a considerable burden on patients, caregivers, and healthcare system. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden borne by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Jordan, with a focus on direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect cost.
Materials And Methods:
The study was conducted at MOH hospitals in Jordan, from August to November 2010. A total of 138 patients and 49 caregivers were involved in the study. An economic evaluation study was used to analyze the burden of hemodialysis treatment at MOH, Jordan. Direct medical costs were estimated through micro and macro costing from the provider's perspective. Patients' and caregivers' costs were included to calculate direct non-medical costs. Human capital approach was employed to evaluate the productivity loss for indirect cost and premature death and potential year life loss was used to estimate the premature death cost.
Results:
The total burden of hemodialysis at MOH, Jordan was USD17.70 million per year. Cost per session was $72 and the annual cost per patient was $9976. Direct medical cost was $7.20 million (41%) and direct non-medical cost was $2.02 million (11%). On the other hand, indirect cost (productivity loss) was $8.48 million (48%). All 722 patients on hemodialysis at MOH hospitals consumed 2.7% of MOH budget.
Conclusions:
Costs of treating and managing patients on hemodialysis at MOH hospitals in Jordan are substantial. Therefore, efforts should be taken to slow down the progress of renal failure to save resources and a comparative study with other modalities, such as continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation, should be considered.
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