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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

236
Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
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Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

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Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

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Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
257
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

315
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Controlled-release injectable microemulsions: recent advances and potential opportunities.

Rajesh Dubey1

  • 1Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , Waterloo campus, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London , UK +44 7448561223 ; dubeyr@drreddys.com.

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|December 17, 2013
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Summary

Microemulsion technology offers a promising solution for controlled-release injectable (CRI) formulations, overcoming challenges in drug development and improving patient outcomes for drugs with poor oral bioavailability.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Controlled-release injectable (CRI) formulations are valuable but face development hurdles like limited polymers and manufacturing complexities.
  • Microemulsion technology presents a viable alternative to address these challenges in injectable drug formulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of microemulsion technology for developing advanced controlled-release injectable formulations.
  • To explore how microemulsions can overcome limitations of traditional CRI systems.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar.
  • The review focused on microemulsions and other parenteral controlled-release formulations.

Main Results:

  • Microemulsions offer manufacturing advantages and allow for the engineering of drug release profiles.
  • Formulation flexibility in microemulsions enables modulation of in-vivo drug release, optimizing pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
  • Studies show microemulsions can prolong in-vivo drug residence time, enhancing the benefit/risk profile.

Conclusions:

  • Injectable microemulsions, particularly via subcutaneous or intramuscular routes, demonstrate significantly prolonged elimination.
  • This characteristic should be utilized to develop novel CRI products, especially for drugs with poor oral pharmacokinetics.
  • Microemulsion-based CRIs hold significant potential for improving treatment outcomes for various drug candidates.