Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

47
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
47
Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

51
Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
51
Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

65.2K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
65.2K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

967
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
967

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beyond the pull-through: A multi-institutional study of long-term surgical and functional outcomes in total colonic hirschsprung disease - A pediatric colorectal and pelvic learning consortium (PCPLC) study.

Journal of pediatric surgery·2026
Same author

Inhibition of runt related transcription factor 1 with Ro24-7429 improves lung function in experimental models of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

A digestive cartridge reduces intestinal injury in a murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Downregulation of pigment epithelium-derived factor increases compensatory lung growth in mice after extended pneumonectomy.

Pediatric research·2026
Same author

Validation of an anorectal malformation trainer - Can a high-fidelity model simulate real life?

Journal of pediatric surgery·2026
Same author

In defense of the Holman index: Defining fatty acid deficiency.

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model
06:51

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model

Published on: July 28, 2023

2.0K

Neonatal intestinal physiology and failure.

Sarah J Carlson1, Melissa I Chang1, Prathima Nandivada1

  • 1Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Fegan 3, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|December 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal intestinal failure disrupts nutrient absorption, impacting growth. Parenteral nutrition is the primary treatment for this critical condition in newborns.

Keywords:
DuodenumIleumIntestinal failureIntestineJejunumNeonateParenteral nutritionShort bowel syndrome

More Related Videos

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers
09:36

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Published on: July 28, 2022

1.8K
Oral Gavage in Neonatal Mouse Pups and Functional Assessment of Gut Barrier Integrity Using Ussing Chambers
07:18

Oral Gavage in Neonatal Mouse Pups and Functional Assessment of Gut Barrier Integrity Using Ussing Chambers

Published on: January 9, 2026

441

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model
06:51

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model

Published on: July 28, 2023

2.0K
Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers
09:36

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Published on: July 28, 2022

1.8K
Oral Gavage in Neonatal Mouse Pups and Functional Assessment of Gut Barrier Integrity Using Ussing Chambers
07:18

Oral Gavage in Neonatal Mouse Pups and Functional Assessment of Gut Barrier Integrity Using Ussing Chambers

Published on: January 9, 2026

441

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric surgery

Background:

  • The neonatal intestine is vital for nutrient absorption, growth, and development.
  • Intestinal failure (IF) in neonates stems from inadequate bowel function, hindering growth.
  • IF can arise from congenital anomalies or surgical resection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize current literature on neonatal intestinal physiology and failure.
  • To elucidate the homeostatic mechanisms governing intestinal function.
  • To describe the consequences and management of neonatal IF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on neonatal intestinal physiology and IF.
  • Analysis of the interplay between electrolytes, enzymes, and hormones in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
  • Examination of how bowel length and location impact IF outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Adequate intestinal performance relies on a homeostatic balance of electrolytes, enzymes, and hormonal regulators.
  • Physiologic consequences of IF vary based on the affected bowel segment's length and location.
  • Disruption of normal intestinal physiology due to IF can lead to long-term growth and developmental issues.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal intestinal failure poses significant risks to growth and development.
  • Understanding the complex interplay of factors regulating intestinal physiology is crucial.
  • Parenteral nutrition is the established primary treatment for neonatal intestinal failure.