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An urban Northeastern United States alligator bite
Suzanne Moore Shepherd1, William H Shoff1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA.
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|December 17, 2013
Summary
Human encounters with large US crocodilians, like alligators and crocodiles, can cause severe injuries. Specialized emergency care is needed, considering unique bite trauma and potential infections.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Public Health
- Wildlife Management
Background:
- The Southeastern US is home to American alligators, American crocodiles, and caiman.
- Non-habitat areas may see human exposure through exotic pets or escaped animals.
- Crocodilian attacks pose significant risks of severe injury.
Observation:
- Emergency responders in non-habitat areas often lack training for crocodilian encounters.
- Large crocodilian attacks involve unique trauma: immense bite force, shaking, and specific pathogens.
- Psychological distress, including PTSD, is a concern for attack survivors.
Findings:
- Emergency management requires addressing crush injuries, unique oral flora antibiotic needs, and psychological impact.
- Standard trauma protocols need adaptation for crocodilian-specific risks.
- A national database of attacks is crucial for improving care and management.
Implications:
- Developing specialized training for emergency medical services, law enforcement, and animal welfare workers is vital.
- Establishing a national database will inform evidence-based treatment and public safety strategies.
- Coordinated efforts by agencies like USDA APHIS are needed for ethical, sustainable reptile management and public safety.
