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"Piensa" twice: on the foreign language effect in decision making.

Albert Costa1, Alice Foucart2, Inbal Arnon3

  • 1Center of Brain and Cognition, CBC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, carrer Roc Boronat, 138, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.

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Using a foreign language can reduce cognitive biases in decision-making. Studies show that presenting problems in a non-native language diminishes the impact of heuristic biases, improving rational choices.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Decision-making is often influenced by cognitive biases.
  • The language used to present information can impact judgment and choice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if using a foreign language reduces heuristic biases in decision-making.
  • To determine the extent and boundaries of the foreign language effect on cognitive biases.

Main Methods:

  • Four studies involving over 700 participants.
  • Testing decision-making problems including framing effects, psychological accounting, decision under risk, and the cognitive reflection test.

Main Results:

  • A foreign language effect was observed, reducing biases in framing and decision-making under risk.
  • The effect was absent in the cognitive reflection test, suggesting boundaries related to emotional content.

Conclusions:

  • Using a foreign language can mitigate heuristic biases across various decision-making scenarios.
  • The foreign language effect appears to be constrained by the emotional or logical nature of the problems presented.