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A TTX-resistant propagating calcium action potential.

L L Stockbridge, W N Ross

    Journal of Neurophysiology
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The giant barnacle's neuron action potential propagates using both sodium and calcium ions. In tetrodotoxin (TTX), calcium alone sustains this propagation, indicating a high density of calcium channels.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cellular Physiology
    • Marine Biology

    Background:

    • Neurons generate action potentials crucial for signal transmission.
    • Action potentials typically rely on sodium and calcium ion influx.
    • The cross-commissural (CC) cell in the giant barnacle offers a model for studying neuronal excitability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ionic mechanisms underlying action potential propagation in the CC cell.
    • To determine if calcium ions alone can support action potential propagation.
    • To characterize the role of calcium channels in neuronal excitability.

    Main Methods:

    • Intrasomatic and antidromic stimulation of the CC cell in normal and tetrodotoxin (TTX)-containing saline.
    • Recording action potentials to analyze sodium and calcium components.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing calcium channel blockers (La, Ni, Cd, Co) and substitutes (Ba, Sr) to assess calcium dependency.
  • Employing the calcium indicator dye arsenazo III for optical measurements.

    • Main Results:

    • Action potentials in normal saline involved both sodium and calcium components, capable of independent propagation.
    • In TTX saline, action potential amplitude increased with external calcium concentration and was blocked by calcium channel blockers.
    • Calcium ions alone sustained regenerative action potential activity in TTX, with propagation distances exceeding the axonal space constant.

    Conclusions:

    • The CC cell neuron exhibits a calcium-dependent action potential that can propagate independently of sodium.
    • This study provides the first direct evidence of a neuron where the calcium component alone propagates without outward current blockers.
    • Results suggest a higher density of calcium channels on the CC axon compared to other neurons.