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Characterizing behavioural 'characters': an evolutionary framework.

Yimen G Araya-Ajoy1, Niels J Dingemanse

  • 1Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, , Seewiesen, Germany, Behavioural Ecology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, , Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study expands the evolutionary character concept to include behavioral plasticity. It introduces a framework to analyze variation within and between individuals, offering new predictions for evolutionary biology.

Keywords:
behavioural charactersmodularitypersonalityplasticitypsychologyvariance components

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Behavioral ecology
  • Quantitative genetics

Background:

  • Phenotypic evolution traditionally assumes quasi-independent functional units called evolutionary characters.
  • Existing frameworks primarily address 'fixed' characters, showing variation only between individuals.
  • Labile characters, particularly behavior, require an expanded evolutionary character concept.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To expand the evolutionary character framework to labile characters, using behavior as a case study.
  • To integrate multi-level variation (between- and within-individual) into the evolutionary character concept.
  • To develop a statistical methodology for testing behavioral characters.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a concept of 'behavioral characters' extending the original evolutionary character definition.
  • Integrated individual variation (personality) and within-individual variation (plasticity) into a novel framework.
  • Developed statistical methods to empirically test hypothesized evolutionary characters.

Main Results:

  • The expanded framework generates novel, testable predictions for evolutionary character evolution.
  • Demonstrated the framework's applicability by characterizing 'aggressiveness' in wild great tits (Parus major).
  • Provided a method to distinguish true evolutionary characters from other behavioral variations.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully expands the evolutionary character concept to encompass labile traits like behavior.
  • The proposed framework and methodology offer new avenues for studying phenotypic evolution.
  • Characterizing behavioral traits like aggressiveness in wild populations is feasible with this approach.