Versatile multi-functionalization of protein nanofibrils for biosensor applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Surface Chemistry

Background:

• Protein nanofibrils offer advantages in self-assembly and surface chemistry versatility.
• A significant challenge exists in developing efficient and general methods for post-assembly functionalization of protein nanofibrils.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a generic and multi-functionalization approach for protein nanofibrils.
• To demonstrate the utility of this method for creating functional nanostructures and biosensors.

Main Methods:

• Self-assembly of whey proteins into nanofibrils.
• Post-assembly functionalization using biotinylation and thiolation.
• Decoration of nanofibrils with quantum dots, enzymes, and metal nanoparticles.
• Development of a glucose biosensor platform using functionalized nanofibrils.

Main Results:

• Biochemical characterization confirmed changes in nanofibril surface chemistry post-functionalization.
• Whey protein nanofibrils were successfully decorated with various components.
• A glucose biosensor demonstrated enhanced glucose oxidase-mediated current response due to functionalization and electrode interaction.

Conclusions:

• The developed biotinylation and thiolation approach provides a novel and versatile method for multi-functionalizing protein nanofibrils.
• This methodology has potential applications beyond glucose biosensing, applicable to other protein nanostructures.
• The study highlights the importance of surface chemistry modifications for advanced nanomaterial applications.