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Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

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Published on: October 13, 2023

The language connectome: new pathways, new concepts.

Anthony Steven Dick¹, Byron Bernal², Pascale Tremblay³

¹Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA adick@fiu.edu.

The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry

|December 18, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The brain processes language through a distributed network, moving beyond older models. Key white matter tracts, like the arcuate fasciculus, connect these regions for speech and language functions.

Keywords:

arcuate fasciculus cortico-bulbar tract cortico-striatal loops dorsal stream language motor stream ventral stream white matter

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Area of Science:

Neurobiology of Language
Neuroanatomy
Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

The traditional Broca-Wernicke-Geschwind model of language processing is being updated.
Modern understanding emphasizes distributed cortical and subcortical networks for language.
Identifying anatomical connectivity is crucial for understanding functional interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current literature on the anatomical connectivity and function of major white matter pathways involved in language.
To highlight the importance of both dorsal and ventral language streams.
To emphasize the role of cortico-subcortical connectivity and the frontal aslant tract in speech.

Main Methods:

Literature review of neuroimaging and anatomical studies.
Analysis of established and emerging white matter tracts.
Integration of functional and anatomical data.

Main Results:

Language is processed via interacting dorsal and ventral streams supported by specific long association fiber pathways.
Key pathways include the superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus.
Cortico-subcortical pathways, including the frontal aslant tract, are vital for the motor aspects of speech.

Conclusions:

The neurobiology of language relies on a distributed system supported by intricate white matter connectivity.
Understanding these pathways is essential for revising language models and comprehending brain function.
Future research should continue to elucidate the precise roles of these tracts in language and speech.