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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach
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Recent trends in thyroid surgery in Wales.

David S Y Chan1, Onyebuchi E Okosieme2

  • 1Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.

The Surgeon : Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland
|December 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Thyroidectomy rates for malignant disease increased, while benign disease rates declined in Wales between 1999-2010. Total thyroidectomy use rose significantly, particularly for malignant conditions, indicating potential rising thyroid cancer incidence.

Keywords:
Thyroid diseasesThyroid neoplasmsThyroidectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Thyroid surgery trends in Wales were analyzed over a 12-year period.
  • Data from 6570 patients undergoing thyroid surgery from 1999 to 2010 were utilized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze temporal trends in thyroidectomy rates in Wales.
  • To investigate changes in the types of thyroid surgery performed.
  • To identify any regional disparities in thyroid surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Age-adjusted thyroidectomy rates were calculated using the European standard population.
  • Poisson regression and joinpoint regression models assessed temporal trends and annual percentage changes.
  • Patient data from the Patient Episodes Database for Wales were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Thyroidectomy rates for malignant disease increased (APC 4.5%), while rates for benign disease decreased (APC -3.2%).
  • The use of total thyroidectomy rose from 17% to 30% between the two study periods.
  • Total thyroidectomies were more common in males and in patients with malignant disease; regional disparities in benign disease surgery were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Total thyroidectomy use has increased for both benign and malignant thyroid disease in Wales.
  • The rise in surgeries for malignancy suggests a potential increase in thyroid cancer incidence.
  • Further investigation into regional variations in surgical approaches for benign thyroid disease is warranted.