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Genomic selection using beef commercial carcass phenotypes.

D L Todd1, T Roughsedge2, J A Woolliams1

  • 11 Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH29 9RG, Scotland.

Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience
|December 19, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic selection (GS) significantly boosts genetic gain in beef cattle breeding by incorporating novel carcass traits. Including commercial performance data in genomic evaluations, especially with larger training populations, offers substantial improvements over traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Breeding and Genetics
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Genomic Selection

Background:

  • Traditional breeding goals in beef cattle often rely on limited phenotypic data.
  • Genomic selection (GS) offers potential for increased accuracy and response in genetic gain.
  • Incorporating novel commercial carcass traits can enhance breeding objectives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict genetic gain in UK Limousin beef populations using GS.
  • To evaluate the impact of incorporating novel commercial carcass traits into breeding goals.
  • To investigate the effect of genotype-environment interaction on genetic gain predictions.

Main Methods:

  • Deterministic simulation using selection index methodology.
  • Modeling UK pedigree Limousin beef population.
  • Comparison of three genomic scenarios with varying training population (TP) sizes and genetic correlations (ρX) between purebred and cross-bred performance.

Main Results:

  • Genomic scenarios incorporating novel carcass traits (Scenarios 2 and 3) predicted substantially higher genetic gain than existing traits alone (Scenario 1).
  • A training population of 2000 sires with 20 commercial progeny each, and ρX=0.7, predicted a 40% increase in gain for Scenario 3.
  • Decreasing ρX increased genetic gain, with reduced impact at larger TP sizes for Scenarios 2 and 3.
  • A non-genomic progeny test scenario showed similar gains to Scenario 3 with TP=5000 and ρX=1.0.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic selection incorporating novel commercial carcass phenotypes significantly enhances genetic gain in terminal sire breeding goals.
  • Utilizing purebred phenotypes alone in GS is sub-optimal compared to including commercial carcass trait data.
  • The predicted increases in genetic gain are comparable to those seen with the implementation of BLUP technology.