Poly-cyclodextrin functionalized porous bioceramics for local chemotherapy and anticancer bone reconstruction

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Oncology
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Bone cancer treatments show limited survival improvements due to residual cancer cells and side effects.
• Effective local drug delivery is crucial for managing residual disease and promoting bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) functionalized hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold for enhanced local drug delivery in bone cancer treatment.
• To evaluate the drug loading capacity, sustained release profile, and cytocompatibility of the functionalized scaffold.

Main Methods:

• Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds were functionalized with polyCD via thermal treatment.
• Thermogravimetric analysis characterized polyCD loading on HA.
• Osteoblast cell vitality assays assessed cytocompatibility.
• Antibiotics (gentamicin) and anticancer agents (cisplatin) were loaded and their release kinetics studied.

Main Results:

• PolyCD functionalization significantly increased drug loading: 30% for gentamicin and 100% for cisplatin.
• Sustained drug release was extended by 7 days for gentamicin and 3 days for cisplatin.
• PolyCD-functionalized bioceramics demonstrated good cytocompatibility with osteoblast cells.

Conclusions:

• PolyCD-functionalized HA offers a safe and effective drug delivery system for bone regeneration scaffolds.
• This system can be loaded with anticancer agents and/or antibiotics to reduce local recurrence and infection.
• The developed scaffold holds promise for improved local control of bone cancer and enhanced bone defect repair.