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Dental patterning in the earliest sharks: Implications for tooth evolution.

John G Maisey1, Susan Turner, Gavin J P Naylor

  • 1Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, New York, New York, 10024-5192.

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|December 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The oldest fossil shark-like fish, Doliodus problematicus, reveals insights into early jawed vertebrate evolution. Its unique dentition and tooth replacement patterns challenge modern shark models, suggesting advanced features in early chondrichthyans.

Keywords:
DevonianDolioduschondrichthyanevolutionteeth

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Vertebrate Zoology

Background:

  • Doliodus problematicus represents the oldest known fossil shark-like fish with exceptionally preserved dentition.
  • Its Emsian age (Lower Devonian, ~397 Ma) makes it crucial for understanding early vertebrate evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a detailed description of the teeth and dentition of Doliodus problematicus.
  • To compare Doliodus dentition with modern sharks to infer feeding strategies and evolutionary relationships.
  • To investigate the early evolution of shark-like dentition in chondrichthyans and jawed vertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • Tomographic analysis of the fossil specimen NBMG 10127.
  • Comparative analysis with modern shark dentitions.
  • Examination of tooth replacement patterns and dental development.

Main Results:

  • Doliodus problematicus was likely a ram-feeding predator with teeth adapted for seizing and disabling prey.
  • Teeth were replaced slowly, but tooth formation was highly organized, similar to modern elasmobranchs.
  • Upper anterior teeth were supported by the ethmoid region, not just jaw cartilage, indicating a different ancestral condition.

Conclusions:

  • Doliodus provides key insights into the evolution of chondrichthyan dentition and raises questions about jawed vertebrate oral tooth evolution.
  • The "shark-like" dentition may be a synapomorphy of chondrichthyans and certain gnathostomes.
  • The ancestral condition of tooth attachment suggests modern elasmobranch dentition is a phylogenetically advanced state.